Door latch



B. J. CRAIG DOOR LATCH July 25, 1961 Filed May 2'7, 1958 INVENTOR.

.uuu |7I ,A rffff. VINI. VArar IA Patented July 25, 1961 2,993,359 A DOOR LATCH Burnie J. Craig, 1042 La Presa Drive, Pasadena, Calif. Filed May 27, 1958, Ser. No. 738,077 8 Claims. (Cl. 70-153) This invention relates to a door lock and the general object of the invention is to provide an improved lock which is adapted for general use as on dwelling house doors but which is particularly adapted for use on the doors of motor vehicles.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide door latching means including a novel latch bolt.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel one piece bolt having strike engaging tongues thereon.

Another object of the invention is -to provide a novel bolt release device for use in a door latch assembly.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novelly mounted latch bolt.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a Anovel latch bolt strike.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel strike and dovetail for use with a latch.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel latch bolt locking means.

A further object of the invention is to provide a door lock which includes novel means for causing the bolt to move to release position.

An additional object of the invention is to provide a novel spring mounting for urging the bolt of a door latch to engaged position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a door latch wherein a locking member is pivotally mounted and wherein the locking member has portions thereon operable from within and from without the door to permit the locking member -to be moved to and from locking position.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel means whereby when the locking member is in locked position and the door is closed the locking member will be moved to Aunlocked position.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the yfollowing description taken in connection with the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a sectional elevation showing the improved lock;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2 2, FIG. l;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3 3, FIG. l;

FIG. 4 is a sectional View taken on line 44, FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 is a fragmentary sectional detail showing the cam member and associated locking arm.

Referring to the drawing by reference characters, the invention is shown as embodied in a lock which is indicated generally at 10. As shown, the lock includes an attaching base portion 11, whichl may be held on the end of a door by screws (not shown) which engage in threaded apertures 12 in the base.

The base 11 includes an outer flange 13 which is disposed adjacent to lthe outer wall of the door on which the lock is mounted. The base also includes an inner ilange 14 which is disposed adjacent to the inner wall of the door on which the lock is mounted.

The base 11 is provided with a circular hole 15 which receives a shaft 16. A bolt member 17 is shown as provides with a circular hole 18 which receives the shaft 16. The bolt is shown as held on the shaft by means of a pin 19 which passes through the bolt. i

The outer end portion 20 of the shaft is supported in an aperture 21 in an abutment member 22 (to be later described) and the extreme outer end of the shaft projects slightly beyond the outer portion of the abutment 22.

The inner end portion of the shaft 16, inside the base 11 is of reduced size to provide a shoulder 24 and is squared as at 25. This squared portion 25 fits in a similarly squared portion on a bolt release member 26. The inner end of the shaft isy riveted over at 27 to hold the release member 26 against the shoulder 2.4 to prevent rotation relative between the shaft and release member. A washer 28 which its on the shaft 16 spaces the bolt 17 from the base 11.

The abutment member 22, as shown, has tongues 31 thereon which are secured lin slots in the base 11 to hold the abutment member 30 in place. The abutment ymember 22 has an upper portion Sil which includes a stepped shoulder 31. The abutment also has a lower portion 32. The portions 30 and 32 are joined at one end by an end portion 33. The other end of the abutment is open and in this open portion of the bolt 17 is mounted. The bolt has a pair of projecting teeth 35 and 36 which are generally in the shape of gear teeth. These teeth when in engaged position project below the portion 32 of the abutment and are adapted to engage a strike 37, to be presently described.

The outer portion 22 of the abutment is disposed parallel to the base 11 and as previously stated receives the end portion of the bolt shaft 16 to support the bolt shaft. It will thus be seen that the bolt shaft, and in turn the bolt, is supported between two spaced, rigidly connected, members 11 and 22, so that the bolt is held against o shifting of its axis.

The bolt may be made of suitable metal, plastic or other material, is preferably of uniform thickness throughout its length and when in engaged position its upper straight surface is inclined downwardly, as shown in l-TIG. 4, and when in strike disengaging position the upper surface of the bolt is substantially horizontal.

The strike 37 comprises a general C-shaped .memberl which has parallel front and rear faces *40 and 41 and has spaced upper and lower jaw forming portions 42 and 43 joined by a vertical portion `44. Screws 45 which pass through the strike and engage in threaded apertures in the door pillar serve to hold the strike in operative position.

As shown, the upper jaw portion 42 has a recess 46 therein, which receives a sliding wedge member 47 mounted on a pin 48. A spring 49 surrounding the pin 48 and disposed -in a recess 50 in the wedge 47 is arranged to constantly urge fthe wedge 47 forwardly. As shown, the upper surface of the wedge 47 slidably engages the lower surface of the recess 46 of the -jaw 43.

The bolt teeth 35 and 36 engage similar teeth 51 and 52 on the lower jaw of the strike. In advance of the tooth 52 the strike is inclined downwardly at 53.

In use when the door is being closed the abutment member 30 moves between the jaws 42 and 43 of the strike and the leading tooth 35 on the bolt engages the inclined portion 53 of the strike and rocks the bolt so that the tooth 35 passes over the tooth 52 and drops behind the tooth 52 4to hold the door in safety latched position. Further inward movement of the door causes the tooth 35 of the bolt to engage and be rocked by the second tooth 51 until the bolt moves sutlciently to allow it to drop behind the tooth 51 and the tooth 36 drops behind the tooth 52 whereupon the bolt has moved -to fully engaged position as shown in FIG. 4 and the door is latched.

While this is occurring the stepped shoulder 3l on the portion 30 of the abutment moves to engage a forward stepped corner 57 on the sliding wedge 47 to `thus move the wedge 47 rearwardly against the tension of the spring 49. When the bolt is engaged the sliding wedge is constantly urged outwardly by its spring to `thus hold the the elongated body portion 3-4' parts in tightly clamped relation. When the door is fuily closed land the bolt engaged behind the tooth 52, the portion 32 of the abutment engages a portion 55 of the strike and the stepped portion 31 of the abutment engaging the part 57 of the wedge 47 serves to hold. the parts in tight engagement.

The bolt shaft being supported by the base 11 and by the abutment 22 cannot move upwardly or downwardly and the door cannot open because of the engagement of the bolt teeth lbehind the strike teeth. The parts are thus held in tightly closed relationship and the thrust upon the bolt is directed towards the axis of the bolt shaft. In other words, the bolt is in compression.

As shown, the curvature ofthe strike tooth 51 at 60 and the curvature of the bolt tooth 35 at 61 in their areas of engagement are on arcs R of equal radii.

The upper inner face of the strike tooth 52 has a surface 62 on an arc R of the radius equal to the radii of the curvature `at 60 and `61. Thus the portion 61 of the bolt engages the portion 62 of the tooth 52 in an area of equal radius of curvature when the bolt is in safety latch position.

At their location of engagement, when the bolt is fully engaged, the lower face of lthe strike tooth S2 and the tooth 36 of the bolt have curvatures R at 64 of equal radii.

Y The construction of bolt, abutment and strike is such that the bolt shaft and the lbolt cannot raise from the engaged position and the parts are held in tightly closed position without aid of any dog or similar device land yet they are free to be moved when desired.

The release member 26 is angular in shape and includes an upwardly directed portion 63 and a second portion 63 which is disposed substantially at a right angle to the portion 63.

A post `65 mounted on the base 11 supports the coils of a spring 66. One end of the spring engages a pin 67 mounted on the release member and the other end of the spring engages a tongue 68 on an actuating member 69, to be presently described. The spr-ing normally urges the bolt in an `anti-clockwise direction in FIG. 1, so that the bolt is normally urged towards its strike and also urges the actuating member to the left in FIG. 1.

The release member is adapted to be rocked by the actuating member 69 which includes a plane body portion 70 which slides through a slot 76 in the flange 13. The actuating member has an upwardly ldirected end portion 71 which is adapted to be engaged by an operating member such as -a pushbutton member 72 which may be mounted in a door handle (not shown).

The actuating member is slitted as at 73 to form a tongue. A part of the tongue is removed and the remainder is bent up to form the spring engaging tongue 68 previously mentioned. The inner portion of the actuating member is of a reduced width as at 74. A headed pin 75 mounted on the base 11 fits in the slot from which the tongue 68 is bent and serves to limit movement of the actuating member and to guide the inner end of the actuating member.

The upper portion of the release member 26 is raised as at 76 so that it passes over the actuating member and over the headed actuating member guide pin 7 5 The tongue 68 on the actuating member 26 engages the portion 76 of the release member so that when the actuating member is moved to the right in FIG. 1, the release member 'will be rocked to free the bolt from its strike so that the door may be opened.

A locking member is shown at 8i). This locking member includes a flat body 81. At one end, the locking member has a ange `82 and at the other end has another -iiange 83. The locking member anges have lholes 84 therein through which a supporting 4shaft 85 extends. The ends of the shaft 85 pass through holes in the lian-ges 13 and 14 and are shown as `riveted over at the ends 86 to hold the shaft in place.

The locking member rocks about the axis of the shaft from locked to unlocked position. The locking member includes an integral depending blocking portion S7 which is arranged as angle to the body 31. When t-he locking member is in locked position, shown in FIG. 2, the portion 87 is disposed adjacent to the base 10. This portion 87 when in the position of FIG. 2, is in the path of the actuating member 70 and prevents forward movement of the 4actuating member to bolt releasing position. When the locking member is moved to unlocked position the part 87 is raised from the base so that the actuating member 70 may pass thereunder when it is pushed forward by the pushbutton member 72.

The ilange 82 includes an integral inside locking Iarm portion 818 which is bent outwardly at 88 and is spaced from the base flange 14 to receive a snapover spring 59 which engages the ange 14 and the locking arm portion S8 and serves to hold the locking arm in either locked or in unlocked position. The locking arm portion 83 in its unlocked position engages a tongue 90 on the flange 14 and in its locked position er1-gages a tongue 91 on the same iiange.

The inside locking arm is adapted to be moved upwardly to unlocked position or downwardly to locked position by an operating rod l92 which has a bent end 93 which passes through a hole in the arm. A resilient clip 94 which includes a tip 95 passing through a hole in the rod 92 and also includes a loop portion 97 which engages the rod 92 and serves to hold the rod 92 in place.

The nan-ge 83 is slightly spaced from the flange 13 and has `a locking arm 93A which extends therefrom. This outside locking arm 9S which is operable from without the vehicle has a flange 99 thereon which serves as a stiften-ing member. The arm 98 at its lower end has a second flange 1100 which together` with the flange 99 form a channel. In this channel a carri mem-ber operates. This cam member includes a body 101 mounted to rotate in a hole in the ange 13. The body 101 has an arm 102 extending therefrom. The armhas a cam head 163 thereon which is adapted to engage the flanges 99 and ltll to rock the inside locking armV to and from its locked position. The member 162 has a square hole 104 therein which receives a square locking member 165 on the locking barrel of la key operated lock 107. Details of the key operated lock form no part of this invention as such locks are in wide use.

In order to rock the release member 76 and free the bolt from within the vehicle, I provide an inside release member 110, which is pivoted as at 111 upon the flange 14. The member y has a lower arm 112, an upper arm 113 and la lateral arm 114.

The lower arm 112 has a transverse slot 115 therein in which the bent end 116 of a remote control member or rod 117 is positioned. A clip 11S similar to the clip 94 previously described, serves to hold the rod 117 in place. The rod 117 is adapted'to be moved to the right in FIG. 2 by an inside remote control device such as a handle (not shown).

The upper arm 113 of the inside release member 110 is provided at its upper end with forks 119 and 120. The fork 119 normally engages the tongue 91 on the ilange 14 to limit its motion in a clockwise direction. The upper end of the fork 119 passes under the inside locking arm portion 88 as shown in FIG. 2. The fork 129I has an upstanding cam tongue 121 thereon, which when the member 110 is rocked engages a cam surface 122 on the lower surface of the inside locking arm portion 87 and cams this arm upwardly from locked position shown in FIG. 2 and into engagement with the tongue 90 in its unlocked position.

The lateral arm 114 has a notch 125 in its outer end. This notch receives a tongue 126 bent up from the portion 63 of the release member 26. When the-remote control rod 117 is moved to the right in FIG. 2, the inside release` member 110 willbe rocked and this will through the ngiie and slot engagement at 125, 126 rock the release member -26 to free the bolt.

This action occurs regardless of whether the locking member is in locked or in unlocked position. For example, when the locking member is unlocked, the cam 122 will be raised and will be out of the path of the tongue 121. When, however, the locking member is locked, as in FIG. 2, movement of the member 110 will through the camming action of the parts 121, 122 raise the locking arm to unlocked position and will simultaneously through the parts 125, 126 rock the bolt releasing member 26 to bolt releasing position.

The locking member 80 is shown as provided with a punched out tongue 130 which is bent perpendicular to the body 81 and passes through a base slot 131 and projects beyond the edge of the door, not shown. This tongue 130 when employed is used for coincidental locking as described in the applicants co-pending application Ser. No. 738,075, tiled May 27, 1958.

After the bolt has moved to fully engaged position as described above, the bolt and strike will be in the relative position shown in FIG. 4.

When the bolt is engaged and the locking member 80 is in locked position as in FIG. 2, the blocking portion 87 is in the path of the actuating member 69, so that the push button 72 cannot be operated to rock the releasing member 26.

When, however, the locking member is in locked position, the remote control member 117 may be moved to the right in FIG. 2 as by an inside handle (not shown). This will rock the inside release member 110 in an anticlockwise direction to cause the arm 114 to move downwardly in FIG. 2, thus rocking the tongue 126 on the release member in a clockwise direction to move the bolt 17 to disengaged position.

To prevent the vehicle operator from being locked out of the vehicle, should the door be closed while the parts are in the position shown in FIG. 2, the restoring mechanism which includes the cam parts 121 and 122, will be effective to move the locking member to unlocked position. This occurs because w-ith the parts in the position shown in FIG. 2, should the door be closed, the bolt 17 would engage the strike and would be rocked in a clockwise direction. This would rock the arm 126 which is unitary with the bolt and would cause the portion 63 of the releasing member to move downwardly in FIG. 2, this through the tongue and slot connection 125 and 126 would rock the arm 114 in an anti-clockwise direction. This would cause the cam tongue 121 to engage the cam surface 122 to rock the locking arm portion 88 upwardly into engagement with the tongue 90 to thus move the locking member to unlocked position.

When the locking member is in unlocked position and is raised the actuating member portion 70` may move forwardly when the push button member 72 is moved to the right in FIG. 2. This causes the tongue 68 on the actuating member to engage the portion 63 of the release member to rock the release member to bolt releasing position. As the bolt is thus released the lower arm 112 of the inside release member through the tongue, slot connection 125, 126 is rocked in anti-clockwise direction in FIG. 2 and the end 116 of the remote control member 117 moves idly in the slot 116.

The spring 66 normally urges the portion 63 of the release member upwardly in FIG. l so that the tongue 126 engages the upper wall of slot 127. rIhis tends to rock the inside release member 110 in a clockwise direction and urges the tongue 119 against the tongue 91. This arrangement prevents rattle of the actuating member or the inside release member.

The spring 66 urges the actuating member 69 to the left in FIG. 1 so that the end of the slot 73K engages the pin 75. This prevents rattling of the actuating member.

The snap over spring 89 urges the locking arm against :he tongue 90 or the tongue 91 so that the locking member cannot rattle.- Thus all the' operating parts of the lock are held against rattle.

Having thus described the invention, I claim:

l. In a door lock, a base, a bolt, a shaft mounted on said base and supporting the bolt for movement to engaged and to released positions, a movable actuating member, means normally urging the actuating member in one direction, means to release the bolt when the actuating member is moved in another direction, said actuating member having a blocking portion, a ange on each side of said base, a locking member having end flanges thereon, said locking member end ilanges being disposed adjacent to said base anges, a shaft pivotally supporting said locking member anges on said base member flanges, one of said locking member flanges including an integral inside arm, inside means for moving said inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, the other of said locking member anges including an integral arm, outside key operated lock control means for moving the outside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locking position, means to hold one of said arms in locked or in unlocked position, said locking member having a blocking portion thereon which is movable into the path of said blocking portion on said actuating member when the locking member is in locked position and being out of the path of the blocking portion when the locking member is in unlocked position, and inside manual means operable to release the bolt.

2. In a door lock, a base, a bolt, a shaft mounted on said base and supporting the bolt for movement to engaged and to released positions, a movable actuating member, means to release the bolt when the actuating member is moved in one direction, locking means operable when in locked position to render said actuating member ineffective to release the bolt, a flange on each side of said base, said locking means including a locking member having end flanges thereon, said locking mem-- ber end anges being disposed adjacent to said base anges, a shaft pivotally supporting said locking member ilanges on said base member flanges, one of said locking member anges including an integral inside arm, inside means for moving said inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, the other of said locking member flanges including an integral outside arm, outside key operated lock control means for moving the outside arm to thereby move the locking member to and Ifrom locking position, means to hold one of said arms in locked or in unlocked position, inside manual means operable to release the bolt, and restoring means including a part of the inside arm and actuated by movement of the bolt upon a closing movement of the door when the locking member is in locked position for restoring the locking member to unlocked condition.

3. In a door lock, a base, a bolt, a shaft mounted on said base and supporting the bolt for movement to engaged and to released positions, a movable actuating member, means normally urging the actuating member in one direction, means to release the bolt when the actuating member is moved in another direction, said actuating member having a blocking portion, a flange on each side of said base, a locking member having end flanges thereon, said locking member end ilanges being disposed adjacent to said base ilanges, a shaft pivotally supporting said locking member anges on said base member ilanges, one of said locking member flanges including an integral inside arm, inside means for moving said inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, the other of said locking member anges including an integral outside arm, outside key operated lock control means for moving the outside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locking position, means to hold one of said arms in locked or in unlocked position, said locking member having a blocking portion thereon which is movable intothe path of said blocking portion on said actuating member when the locking member is in locked position and being out of the path ofthe blocking portion when the locking member is in unlocked position, inside manual means operable to release the bolt, and restoring means including a part of the inside arm and actuated by movement of the bolt upon a closing movement of the door when the locking member is in locked position -for restoring the locking member to unlocked condition.

4. In an automobile door lock, a substantially planar base adapted to be secured upon the end of a door, an elongated bolt, said bolt including a body portion disposed on one side of said base, means pivotally supporting said bolt body portion for movement about an axis which isV perpendicular to the base so that the bolt body moves in a plane which is parallel to the base, said bolt body including a strike engaging part, means urging the bolt body towards strike engaging position, a bolt releasing member rigid with the bolt body, said member having a free end portion, said member being adapted to rock the bolt body from strike engaging position, the member being mounted to move in a plane which is parallel to the plane of the base and is disposed on the other side of said base, an outside operated actuating member mounted on the base for movement in a plane parallel to the base to bolt releasing position, means on the actuating member engaging the releasing member for rocking the releasing member to move the bolt from strike engaging position when the actuating member is actuated, a locking member operable when in locked position to render said actuating member ineffective to release the bolt, said locking member including an integral inside portion, inside means for moving said inside portion to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, said locking member also including an integral outside portion spaced from the inside-portion, outside Akey operated lock control means for moving the outside portion to thereby move the locking member to andy from locking position, means to hold said locking member in locked or in unlocked position, and inside manual means operable to release the bolt.

5. In an automobile door lock, a substantially planar base adapted to be secured upon the end of a door, an elongated bolt, said bolt including a body portion disposed on one side of said base, means pivotally supporting said-bolt body portion for movement about an axis which is perpendicular to the base so that the bolt body moves in a plane which is parallel to the base, said bolt'body including a strike-engaging part, means urging the bolt body towards strike engaging position, a bolt releasing member rigid with the bolt body, said member having a free end portion, said member being adapted to rock the bolt body from strike engaging position, the member being mounted to move in a plane which is parallel to the plane of the base and is disposed on the other side of said base, an outside operated actuating member mounted on the base for movement in a plane parallel to the base to bolt releasing position, means on the actuating member engaging the releasing member for rocking the releasing member to move the bolt from strike engaging position when the actuating member is actuated, said actuating member -having a blocking portion, a flange on each side of said base, a locking member pivoted on said anges, said locking member having a blocking portion thereon movable into the path of said blocking portion on saidy actuating member when the locking member is in said locked position and being out of. the path of the blocking portion when the locking member is in unlocked position, said locking member including an integral inside arm, manually actuated means for moving the inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, said locking member also including an integral outside arm, andV key operated lock controlled means accessible from Without the vehicle, for moving the outside arm to, thereby move the locking member to and from locked position.

6. In an automobile door lock,Y a substantially planar base adapted to be secured upon the end of a door, an elongated bolt, said bolt including a body portion disposedon one side of said base, means pivotally supporting said bolt body portion for movement about an axis which is perpendicular to the base so that the bolt body moves in a plane which is parallel to the base, said bolt body including a strike engaging part, means urging the bolt body towards strike engaging position, a bolt releasing member rigid with the bolt body, said member having a free end portion, said member being adapted to rock the bolt body from strike engaging position, the member being mounted to move in a plane which is parallel to the plane of the base and is disposed on the other side of said base, an outside operated actuating member mounted on the base for movement in a plane parallel to the base to blolt releasing position, means on the actuating member engaging the releasing member for rocking the releasing member to move the bolt from strike engaging position when the actuating member is actuated, said actuating member having a blocking portion, a flange on each side of said base, a locking member pivoted on said flanges, said locking member having a blocking portion thereon movable into the path of said blocking portion on said actuating member when the locking member is in said locked position and being out of the path of the blocking portion when the locking member is in unlocked position, said locking member including an integral inside arm, manually actuated means for moving the inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, said locking member also including an integral outside arm, key operated lock controlled means accessible from without the vehicle for moving the outside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, and restoring means including a coacting part on the releasing member and actuated by movement of the bolt upon a closing movement of the door, when the locking member is in locked position, for restoring said locking member to unlocked position.

7. In a door lock, a base, a bolt, a shaft mounted on said base and supporting the bolt for movement to engaged and to released positions, a movable actuating member, means to release the bolt when the actuating member is moved in one direction, a pivoted locking member operable when in locked position to render said actuating member ineffective to release the bolt, said locking member including an integral inside arm disposed at one side of the base, inside means for moving said inside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, said locking member also including an integral outside locking arm disposed at the side of the base opposite to said one side, outside key operated lock control means for mloving the outside arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locking position, means engaging one of said arms to hold the locking member in locked or in unlocked position, inside manual means loperable to release the bolt, and restoring means including ooacting parts on the inside arm and the inside manual release means and actuated by movement of the bolt upon a closing movement of the door when the locking member is in locked position for restoring the locking member to unlocked condition.

8. In a door lock, a base, a bolt, a shaft mounted on said base and supporting the bolt for movement to engaged and to released positions, a movable actuating member, means normally urging the actuating member in one direction, means to release the bolt when the actuating member is moved in another direction, said actuating member having a blocking portion, an inside ange and an outside ange on said base, a locking member, said locking member having an inside ilange and an outside ange thereon, said locking member flanges being disposed adjacent to said base flanges, means pivotally supporting saidlocki'ng member il'anges on said'base anges, said locking member inside flange including an integral arm, inside means for moving said inside ange arm to thereby move the locking member to and from locked position, said locking member outside flange including an integral arm, a cam body, means to rotatably support the cam body on the outside base ange, a cam on the cam body, means on the outside ange arm engaging the cam to rock said outside arm when the cam body is rocked, key operated lock controlled means for rocking the cam body to thereby move the locking member to and from locking position, means to hold one of said arms in locked or in unlocked position, said locking member having a blocking portion thereon which is movable into the path of said blocking portion on said actuating member when the locking member is in locked position and being out of the path of the blocking portion when the locking member is in unlocked position and inside manual means operable to release the bolt.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,597,510 Carrier Aug. 24,1926 1,908,343A Haberstump May 9, 1933 2,143,965 Van Voorhees Jan. 17, 1939 2,286,992 Murphy June 16, 1942 2,738,212 Wise Mar. 13, 1956 2,791,459 Roethel May 7, 1957 2,804,331 Courtot Aug. 27, 1957 

